IntermediateTECHNICAL
Walk me through how you would architect the frontend of a medium-sized SPA using React (or your primary framework), focusing on state management, routing, and component organization. What trade-offs do you typically consider?
Frontend Developer
General

Sample Answer

For a medium-sized React SPA, I usually start by separating the app into feature-based modules rather than technical layers. So instead of /components and /pages, I’ll have /users, /checkout, /search, each with its own components, hooks, and tests. For routing, I use React Router with a top-level layout and nested routes, and I’m intentional about route-based code splitting so large features become separate chunks. On state management, I try to keep it minimal. In my last project with ~80k monthly users, we used React Query for server cache and Context + local state for UI concerns. That avoided Redux boilerplate while still giving us good caching and invalidation. Trade-off wise, I’m always balancing DX vs. bundle size and complexity: a global store is tempting, but I push state as close to components as possible. I also set some conventions early—folder structure, naming, and testing approach—so a team of 6–8 devs can move fast without stepping on each other.

Keywords

Feature-based folder structure and modularizationReact Router with nested routes and code splittingReact Query plus local/Context state instead of heavy global storeBalancing DX, bundle size, and complexity with clear conventions
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