IntermediateTECHNICAL
Describe a complex UI feature you implemented recently (for example, a dashboard, wizard, or real-time view). How did you manage component state, side effects (API calls, subscriptions), and performance optimizations such as memoization or virtualization?
Full Stack Developer
General

Sample Answer

At my last role, I built a real-time monitoring dashboard in React for about 600 internal users to track order processing across regions. We were streaming events over WebSockets at peaks of 2–3k messages per minute. I split the UI into a container layer with hooks for data fetching/subscriptions and presentational components for rendering. For state, I kept server state in React Query (caching, refetch intervals, retries) and local UI state (filters, column visibility, sort) in a lightweight Zustand store so different widgets could stay in sync. For side effects, I wrapped the WebSocket connection in a custom hook that handled (un)subscription and automatic reconnects, and exposed a simple `useOrdersStream()` interface. Performance-wise, I used `react-window` to virtualize large tables (we went from ~1.8s render to ~200ms) and memoized heavy cell renderers with `useMemo` and `memo`. I also batched incoming events into 250ms intervals to avoid React re-render storms while still feeling real-time to users.

Keywords

Real-time React dashboard with WebSocket stream and 2–3k messages/minSeparation of server state (React Query) and UI state (Zustand)Custom hooks to encapsulate subscriptions and side effectsPerformance via virtualization, memoization, and batched updates
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